Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark, boasts not only sleek Nordic architecture and stunning seascapes but also a rich literary tradition that captivates book lovers from around the globe. While famous attractions like the Little Mermaid statue and majestic royal palaces draw countless visitors, the city’s literary connections offer a fascinating glimpse into its cultural heritage.
One cannot miss the iconic bronze statue of The Little Mermaid, which pays homage to the beloved fairy tale by Hans Christian Andersen. Constructed in 1913, this artistic depiction in the harbor attracts millions, making it a must-visit destination for tourists. Statues of Andersen scattered throughout the city celebrate the prolific tales that have inspired adaptations, including several well-known Disney productions. Additionally, his diary can be found on permanent display at the Black Diamond, the innovative extension of the Royal Danish Library; its striking architectural design is worth seeing in itself.
While Andersen remains the most celebrated storyteller of Denmark, he is not alone in leaving an impactful legacy. A short trip north of the city reveals intriguing literary sites, such as the Runsted estate of Karen Blixen, whose memoir "Out of Africa" was adapted into an Oscar-winning film in 1985. The Kronborg Castle in Helsingor, famously recognized as Shakespeare’s Elsinore from "Hamlet," is also accessible within an hour via the Coast Train from Copenhagen’s Central Station.
This picturesque journey along the Oresund Strait, which separates Zealand from Sweden, is particularly beautiful. Though biking along the scenic pathways may be tempting, the train offers a comfortable and efficient option. The Danish Riviera’s coastal views add to the experience, and varied ecological landscapes delight cyclists and nature enthusiasts alike.
Upon reaching Rungsted, visitors can explore Blixen’s estate, complete with a museum, café, and nature trails. Walking under a canopy of beech and oak trees, enthusiasts can appreciate the serene beauty of her 40-acre property, which also includes a bird sanctuary, orchards, and flower gardens.
Karen Blixen’s Literary Universe
Karen Blixen, born Karen Dinesen in 1885, cultivated her narrative craft at her family estate of Rungstedlund. After spending 17 years in Kenya managing a coffee farm, she returned to Denmark and gained acclaim under the pseudonym Isak Dinesen. Works such as "Out of Africa," "Seven Gothic Tales," and "Babette’s Feast" have established her as one of Denmark’s literary figures, earning her multiple nominations for the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Converted into a museum in 1991, her family’s residence preserves the ambience of her life and work. Exhibits showcase her early sketchbooks, portraits, and even family artifacts from her tumultuous marriage, along with diverse items from her Kenyan life, including Masai spears and carved masks. Despite personal hardships, including the loss of her great love, adventurer Denys Finch Hatton, Blixen’s literary voice flourished, producing poignant stories from her experiences.
Exploring Shakespeare’s Elsinore
A short stroll from Helsingor’s ornate railway station leads to the impressive Kronborg Castle, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This grand Renaissance fortress, built in the 15th century, historically collected tolls from maritime traffic, contributing to Denmark’s wealth. The castle’s impressive architecture includes a deep moat and sandstone walls, appearing almost timeless.
Shakespeare set “Hamlet” in Kronborg, and its majestic halls evoke the tragic narrative of the Danish prince. Guided tours explore stories about the legendary Holger the Dane, a stone warrior said to awaken if Denmark faces peril—an intriguing part of the castle’s rich folklore. Visitors can enjoy live performances of "Hamlet" in the castle courtyard throughout summer, immersing them further into its storied atmosphere.
After exploring the castle, walking through Helsingor’s cobbled streets lined with medieval architecture offers a delightful conclusion to the literary journey.
From Andersen’s enchanting fairy tales to Blixen’s evocative memories and the haunting tragedy of Shakespeare’s "Hamlet," Copenhagen and its coastal surroundings are teeming with stories that have shaped the landscape of world literature. Literary landmarks enrich Denmark’s appeal for travelers and book lovers alike, making visits to these locations an unforgettable addition to any itinerary.
Those looking to explore these literary rich sites can take advantage of the Copenhagen Card, which covers transportation and admission fees for both Kronborg and the Blixen museum.
